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Background:Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) has quickly become a powerful research tool for assessing gene expression and subcellular protein distribution in fixed or living cells. GFP is excited by and brightly fluoresces when exposed to UV or blue light. This feature makes it ideal as a marker for use in fluorescence microscopy, cytometry, tagging fusion proteins, and assaying transcriptional regulation from gene promoters in vivo. Numerous GFP variants with enhanced and shifted emission spectra (blue, green, and yellow) have been developed through amino acid substitutions at specific residues.
