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Background:Histone H2A is one of the core components of the nucleosome. The nucleosome is the smallest subunit of chromatin and consists of 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octamer of core histone proteins (two each of Histone H2A, Histone H2B, Histone H3and Histone H4). Histone H1 is a linker histone, present at the interface between the nucleosome core and DNA entry/exit points, and is responsible for establishing higher-order chromatin structure. Histone H2A.J is a histone H2A variant, a protein similar to canonical H2A but with different molecular identity and unique functions. Histone H2A.J, which is found only in mammals, is shown to be associated with senescence, accumulating in senescent fibroblasts and promoting expression of inflammatory genes. Therefore, H2A.J may contribute to chronic inflammation and age-related diseases.
