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Background:Histone H3 forms H3-H4 tetramers as nucleosome skeleton. Lysine acetylation regulated by HAT/HDAC relaxes chromatin and recruits transcription co-activators. Different acetyl sites control transcription, DNA repair and chromatin assembly. H3K80 is on the outer surface of H3 core, acetylated by p300/CBP and enriched in transcribed gene bodies. It coordinates with H3K79 to resolve transcription-replication conflicts and avoid replication fork stall. Downregulated H3K80ac widely exists in malignant tumors. H3K116 is located at H3 dimerization interface, modified by TIP60 and p300. H3K116ac loosens H3-H4 tetramer interaction, regulates chromatin disassembly during DNA replication and DSB repair. Loss of this mark impairs cell cycle progression and genome stability.
