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Background:Lysine trimethylation is a reversible epigenetic mark controlled by methyltransferases and demethylases. These marks recruit reader proteins to regulate transcription, DNA repair and cell fate, with unique functions for each site. H3K37 sits at the junction of H3 N-terminal tail and globular core. H3K37me3 enriches in gene coding regions and promotes RNA polymerase II elongation. It responds to cellular metabolism and oxidative stress signals to balance stress gene expression. Depletion of this modification weakens cellular stress tolerance.
