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Background:3-Nitrotyrosine is a representative protein nitration modification occurring on tyrosine residues under oxidative stress conditions. Mediated by reactive nitrogen species such as peroxynitrite, this modification introduces a nitro group to the phenolic hydroxyl group of tyrosine, serving as a key biomarker for oxidative stress, nitrative stress, and inflammatory responses in vivo. 3-Nitrotyrosine is widely involved in cellular signaling regulation, protein function alteration, and various pathological processes. Its abnormal level is closely associated with inflammatory injury, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and other disorders, making it a critical target for oxidative stress-related disease research and clinical detection.
